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cÖwZôv‡b Kg©ms¯’v‡b AvMÖnx e¨w³‡`i‡K AbymÜvb K‡i PvKzix jv‡f DrmvwnZ KivB n‡”Q Kg©x msMÖn| GwU Rbkw³ wb‡qv‡Mi cÖ_g cÖ`‡¶c | Avf¨š—wiY I evwn¨K Dfq Drm n‡Z Kg©x msMÖn Kiv nq | cÖwZôv‡bi aiY I c‡`i aiY Abymv‡i wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b wewfbœ ai‡Yi †gav I †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ Kg©x msMÖ‡ni c`‡¶c †bqv nq| ‡Kvb c‡` Kg ‡gav I †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ, †Kvb c‡` ga¨g ‡gav I †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ †Kvb c‡` AwaK ‡gav I †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ †jvK wb‡qvM Kiv nq | mvaviYZ D”P c`¯’ I `vwqZ¡kxj c‡` AwaK †gav I †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ †jvK wb‡qvM Kiv nq| gvby‡li †gav I †hvM¨Zv g~j¨vqb Kiv LyeB `~iƒn e¨vcvi | we‡lk K‡i wkí wec‡ei ci n‡Z A`¨vewa G wel‡q A‡bK M‡elbv P‡j Avm‡Q | A‡b‡K g‡b K‡ib ïaygvÎ fvj djvdj AR©b Ki‡jB AwaK †gav I †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ †jvK ˆZix nq| Bnv wK Av‡`Š mwVK ? evsjv‡`‡k †h cÖPwjZ wk¶v e¨e¯’v Zvi †cÖ¶vc‡U djvdj Abyhvqx Av‡`Š wK Kv‡iv †gav I †hvM¨Zv g~j¨vqb Kiv m¤¢e ? G wb‡qB Avgvi AvR‡Ki Av‡jvPbv|

evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ miKvix, Avav-miKvix, †emiKvix I ¯^vqZ¡ kvwmZ cÖwZôvb mg~‡ni wb‡qvM weÁwß‡Z †`Lv hvq †h mKj cix¶vq wØZxq wefvM _vK‡Z n‡e, ev †h †Kvb GKwU cix¶vq 1g wefvM ev †h †Kvb `ywU cix¶vq 1g wefvM _vK‡Z n‡e ev wk¶v Rxe‡b †Kvb Z…Zxq wefvM MÖnb‡hvM¨ bq BZ¨vw` A‡bK kZ© Ry‡i †`qv nq| wb‡qvM weÁwß‡Z G mKj Z_¨ ¸‡jv D‡jL Kiv KZUzKz hyw³m½Z Zv wb‡q Avgv‡`i LwZ‡q †`Lv `iKvi|

evsjv‡`‡ki wk¶v e¨ve¯’v GLbI MZvbyMwZK fv‡e P‡j Avm‡Q | DbœZ we‡k¦i mv‡_ Zvj wgwj‡q GLbI Avgv‡`i †`‡k wk¶v e¨e¯’vi Dbœqb mvab Kiv m¤¢e nqwb| Aek¨ wKQy wKQy †emiKvix ¯‹zj,K‡jR I wek¦we`¨vj‡q DbœZ †`‡ki gZ AvaywbK wk¶v e¨e¯’v Pvjy n‡”Q | Avgv‡`i †`‡k gva¨wgK,DPP gva¨wgK, øvZK (cvm) ¯—‡ii cªwZwU ¯—‡i `yB ermi †gqv`x GK ermi Aš—i Aš—i GKwU gvÎ cvewjK cix¶v nq | G c×wZi d‡j †ewkifvM QvÎ-QvÎxivB c~e©eZx© erm‡ii cix¶vq Avmv cÖkœ mg~n ev` w`‡q wKQy mv‡Rkb K‡i wKQy cÖkœ gyL¯’ K‡i †d‡j, G‡Z hw` cÖkœ mg~n Kgb c‡o Zvn‡j QvÎ-QvÎxiv fvj djvdj AR©b K‡i †d‡j | Avevi A‡b‡Ki cÖkœ mg~n Kgb bv civi d‡j fvj djvdj AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| d‡j Zv‡`i A‡bK wKQy wk¶Y n‡Z ev` c‡o hvq| D`vnib miƒc ejv hvq †Kvb QvÎ mvZwU cÖkœ gyL¯’ Kij, cix¶vi n‡j wM‡q †`Lj cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi Ki‡Z n‡e Zvi g‡a¨ cuvPwUB Kgb c‡o‡Q| cix¶vi djvd†j ‡`Lv †Mj †m 1g wefv‡M DËxY© n‡q‡Q | Avevi Ab¨ GK QvÎ Ab¨ mvZwU cÖkœ gyL¯’ K‡i †Mj, cix¶vq wM‡q †`Lj ‡h Zvi gvÎ wZbwU Kgb c‡o‡Q | cix¶vi djvd†j ‡`Lv †Mj ‡m 3q wefv‡M DËxY© n‡q‡Q | G‡Z †`Lv hv‡PQ †h DfqB mggv‡bi †jLv cov K‡i‡Q wKš‘ djvdj wfbœ | ZvB e‡j wK 3q wefv‡M DËxY© QvÎ wK Kg †gavex ev Kg †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ | we‡k¦i DbœZ †`k mgy‡n †mwgóvi I †Kvm© c×wZ‡Z †jLvcov Kiv‡bv nq Gi d‡j hv cov‡bv nq ZvB cix¶v Kiv nq, A_©vr wm‡jev‡mi me wKQyB hv‡Z QvÎ-QvÎxiv c‡o †m e¨vcv‡i e¨e¯’v †bqv nq| Gi d‡j cix¶vi djvd‡ji Dci wfwË K‡i †gav g~j¨vqb Kiv A‡bKUv m¤¢e|

Avgv‡`i †`‡k wewfbœ †kªYx‡Z QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i †gav‡K mvavibZ wZbwU fv‡M fvM Kiv nq| 1g, 2q Ges 3q wefvM ev †kªYx| 60% ev Z`~a© 1g wefvM ev †k«Yx, 45% ev Z`~a© 2q wefvM ev †kªbx, 33% ev 36% ev Z`~a© 3q †kªYx ev wefvM| G mKj †kªYxi b¤^i mg~‡ni cv_©K¨ A‡bK †ekx| Gi d‡j †gav‡K c~‡ivcywi g~j¨vqb Kiv m¤¢e nq bv | ‡hgb †Kn hw` 33% b¤^i †c‡q 3q wefvM cvq Ges Ab¨ Av‡iKRb hw` 44.5% †c‡q 3q wefvM cvq Zvn‡j Dfq Rb KLbI GKB †gav m¤úbœ n‡Z cv‡i bv| myZivs Kg©x msMÖ‡n †gav g~j¨vq‡bi mgq b¤^i we‡ePbv Kiv DwPZ| we‡k¦i DbœZ †`k mgy‡n †MÖW c×wZ‡Z †gav g~j¨vqb Kiv nq| †hgb G, we, wm,wW, Gd BZ¨vw`‡Z †MÖ‡W fvM Kiv nq| †hgb 90% - 100% G †MÖW(AwZ DËg), 80%-89% we †MÖW (DËg),60%-79% wm †MÖW (fvj), 60% †_‡K Gi bx‡P Gd †MÖW (†dj) BZ¨vw`| G mKj †kªYxi b¤^i mg~‡ni cv_©K¨ A‡bK Kg| Gi d‡j GB c×wZ‡Z †gav g~j¨vqb Kiv A‡bKUv mnR I hyw³m½Z nq |

mg‡qi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ wewfbœ †evW©, wek¦we`¨vjq,BbwówUDU I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶v cÖwZôvb mg~‡n Z_v mvwe©K wk¶v e¨e¯’vq wk¶v bxwZ, †KŠkj, AvBb-Kvbyb I wewfbœ ai‡bi wbqgvejx‡Z cwieZ©b nq| †hgb wk¶v e¨e¯’vi gva¨wgK ch©v‡q 1990 mv‡j ev Zvi c~‡e© QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i†K 1g wefvM ev óvi b¤^i †c‡Z A‡bK KóKi nZ | KviY ZLbKvi cix¶v e¨e¯’vq cÖkœcÎ cÖYq‡bi mgq †Kvb ˆbe©¨w³K cÖkœcÎ ˆZix Kiv nZ bv | KLbI KLbI cix¶vi cÖkœcÎ AmvaviY I RwUj fv‡e cÖYqb Kiv nq| d‡j QvÎ-QvÎxiv fvj djvdj AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv A_©vr fvj b¤^i †c‡q cvk Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| d‡j cv‡ki nviI Kg nq|

mKj wk¶‡Ki wk¶KZv Kivi Rb¨ wKQy ¸Yvejx _vKv Avek¨K| Avi mKj wk¶‡Ki wePvi ¶gZv, we‡ePbv kw³, †gav BZ¨vw` ¸Yvejx Ges AwfÁZv GK bq| ZvB GKB cix¶vi GKB LvZv d‡UvKwc K‡i `yÔRb wk¶K‡K †`qv nq Z‡e Zv‡`i b¤^e‡ii Aek¨B cv_©K¨ n‡e |

†h mKj cÖv_xi cix¶vi mKj welq mg~‡ni b¤^i¸‡jv Mo b¤^‡ii KvQvKvwQ Ae¯’vb K‡i, ‡m mKj PvKzix cÖv_©xMb AwaK †gavex I †hvM¨ wnmv‡e g~j¨vqb Kiv DwPZ| †hgb Kwig 10wU wel‡q h_vµ‡g 63,70,80,33,45,90,40,65,39 Ges 75 K‡i me©‡gvU 600 b¤^i †cj Ges iwng 10wU wel‡q h_vµ‡g 60,65,58,58,57,59,58,66,57 Ges 62 K‡i me©‡gvU 600 b¤^i †cj| GLv‡b Df‡qi Mo b¤^i 60| hw`I Df‡qi me©‡gvU I Mo b¤^i mgvb wKš‘ GLv‡b iwng, Kwig Gi †P‡q AwaK †gavex wnmv‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY iwn‡gi cÖ‡Z¨K wel‡qi bv¤^vi Mo bv¤^v‡ii KvQvKvwQ Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q , iwn‡gi b¤^i mg~n Kwi†gi †P‡q mymvgÄm¨ c~Y© A_©vr †m mKj wel‡qB mgvb fv‡e cvi`k©x ev wk¶v AR©b K‡i‡Q Ges Kwi‡gi bv¤^vi mg~n AmvgÄm¨ c~Y©, mKj wel‡q †m mgvb fv‡e cvi`k©x bq ev mKj wel‡q †m mgvbfv‡e wk¶v AR©b K‡iwb|

evsjv‡`‡k we‡kl K‡i gd¯^j kn‡i wKQy wKQy wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b bKj cÖeYZv i‡q‡Q| d‡j A‡bK QvÎ-QvÎx bKj K‡i cix¶vq fvj djvdj AR©b K‡i| myZivs cix¶vi djvdj w`‡q cÖv_x©i †gav g~j¨vqb Kiv c~ivcywi wVK bq| A‡b‡Ki †jLv-covq fvj cÖ¯‘wZ _vKv m‡Ë¡I cix¶vi c~e© g~û‡Z© Amy¯’Zv, `~N©Ubv,wewfbœ ai‡bi †c‡ikvb ev Ab¨ †Kvb `~f©vM¨ RwbZ Kvi‡b cix¶vq fvj djvdj AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| A‡bK mgq wewfbœ †evW© ev wewfbœ wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi Kg©Pvix ev Kg©KZ©vMY AmveavbZ ev A`¶Zvi Rb¨ QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i djvdj weeiYx‡Z A‡bK fzj Î“wU K‡i _v‡Kb d‡j A‡bK †gavex QvÎ-QvÎx Lvivc djvdj AR©b L‡i _v‡K| myZivs cix¶vi djvdj w`‡q cÖv_x©i †gav g~j¨vqb Kiv c~‡ivcywi m¤^e bq|

A‡b‡Ki wk¶v Rxe‡b ch©‡e¶b Ki‡j †`Lv hvq wk¶vi wewfbœ ¯—‡ii cÖ_g w`‡K cix¶vq Lye Lvivc djvdj K‡i‡Q Ges wk¶vi †kl ¯—i mgy‡n cix¶vq Lye fvj djvdj AR©b K†i‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k GgbI cÖgvY i‡q‡Q †`Lv †M‡Q †h gva¨wgK ch©vq 3q wefv‡M cvk K‡i‡Q cieZ©x ch©v‡q AL©vr DPP gva¨wgK, øvZK I øvZ‡KvËi ch©v‡q †gav ZvwjKvq ¯’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q | Avevi †Kvb †Kvb QvÎ-QvÎxi †¶‡Î Zvi D‡ëvUvI N‡U‡Q| Zvn‡j wk¶v Rxe‡b GKwU 3q wefv‡M DËxY©‡`i PvKzix jv‡f DrmvwnZ Kiv n‡e bv †Kb ?

mKj wel†q mggv‡bi †jLvcov K‡i mKj wel‡q mgvb b¤^i cvIqv hvq bv | †Kvb wel‡q Kg †jLvcov K‡i AwaK b¤^i cvIqv hvq,Avevi †Kvb wel‡q AwaK †jLvcov K‡i Kg b¤^i cvIqv qvq| A‡b‡Ki gyL¯’ kw³ cÖLi wKš‘ eySvi ¶gZv Kg Avevi A‡b‡Ki eySvi kw³ †ekx wKš‘ gyL¯’ kw³ Kg| hv‡`i gyL¯’ kw³ cÖLi Zv‡`i cix¶vq hw` gyL¯’ Kiv cÖ‡kœi DËi Kgb c‡i Zv n‡j Zv n‡j fvj b¤^i †c‡q hvq| hv‡`i eySvi kw³ †ekx wKš‘ gyL¯’ kw³ Kg Zv‡`i hw` cix¶vq hw` gyL¯’ Kiv cÖ‡kœi DËi Kgb bv c‡i Zv n‡j Zv†`i m„Rbkxj †gav Øviv Zvi DËi w`‡Z m¶g nq| d‡j Zviv fvj djvdj AR©b Ki‡Z bv cvi‡jI †gvUv‡gvwU b¤^i †c‡q DËxY© nq| wKš‘ hv‡`i gyL¯’ kw³ †ekx Ges eySvi kw³ Kg Zviv †dj K‡i †d‡j|

wewfbœ ai‡bi PvKzixi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv g~jK cix¶vq †`Lv hvq †h Lvivc djvdj AR©bKvixivI fvj djvdj AR©bKvix wWMÖxavix‡`i †P‡q fvj djvdj AR©b K‡i| †hgb Avgv‡`i ‡`‡k GLbI 3q wefv‡M ev †kªYx‡Z DËxY© wWMÖxavixivI we wm Gm cix¶vq AskMÖnb Ki‡Z cv‡i| Bnv LyeB cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cix¶v | A‡bK ai‡bi cix¶vi avc †cwi‡q GB cix¶vq DËxY© n‡Z nq| A_P †`Lv hvq A‡bK Z…Zxq wefv‡M DËxY© wWMÖxavixivI GB cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cix¶vq DËxY© n‡q‡Q|

Avgv‡`i †`‡k DPP wk¶vq `y ai‡bi wk¶v e¨e¯’v Pvjy Av‡Q wZb ermi †gqvw` øvZK wWMÖxavix‡`i Abvm© Ges `y ermi †gqvw` øvZK wWMÖxavix‡`i cvm †Kvm© wnmv‡e AwfwnZ Kiv nq| Abvm© †Kv‡m©i øvZK wWMÖxavixiv GK erm‡i gvóvi wWMÖx †Kvm© m¤cbœ K‡ib Ges cvm †Kv‡m©i øvZK wWMÖxavixiv `yB erm‡i gvóvi wWMÖx †Kvm© m¤cbœ K‡ib| †`Lv hv‡PQ †h gvóvi wWMÖx m¤cbœ Ki‡Z Dfq †Kv‡m© mgvb mgq jvM‡Q| A_P Zv‡`i‡K `y fv‡e gj¨vqb Kiv nq| PvKzixi wb‡qvM weÁwß‡Z †`Lv hvq †h 1g ‡kªYx‡Z øvZ‡KvËi wWMÖxavix‡`i 2q †kªYx‡Z Abvm© mn 2q †kªYxi gvóvi wWMÖxi mv‡_ mgvb g~j¨vqb Kiv nq|

A‡b‡K g‡b K‡ib K‡qK ermi KvR K‡i AwfÁZv AR©b Ki‡j `¶ Kg©x ˆZix nq | wKš‘ ev¯—e fv‡e ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h A‡b‡K K‡qK ermi KvR K‡i †h `¶Zv AR©b K‡i‡Q Ab¨ Av‡iK Rb K‡qK gvm KvR K‡i Zvi †P‡q †ekx `¶Zv AR©b K‡i‡Q| d‡j ïay `xN© w`‡bi AwfÁ n‡jB `¶ Kg©x nq bv|

GKRb `¶ wb‡qvM KZ©v Kgx©i †Pnviv †`‡L, AvPvi AvPiY †`‡L ev wKQy K_vevZ©v e‡jB Kg©xi †hvM¨Zv cwigvc K‡i †dj‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e wKQy wKQy †jvK‡K gnvb mªóv e¨wZµg fv‡e m„wó K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i evwn¨K `„wó fw½ †`‡L Zv‡`i †hvM¨Zv cwigvc Kiv LyeB RwUj| G cÖm‡½ D‡jL Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Av‡gwiKvi cÖL¨vZ g‡bvweÁvbx WMjvm †gK †MÖMi Zvi cÖKvwkZ Òw` wnD‡gb mvBW Ae G›UvicÖvBRÒ bvgK MÖ‡š’ gvby‡li AvPii‡bi avibvi Dci wfwË K‡i Zvi IqvB Z‡Ë¡ D‡jL K‡i‡Qb †h , cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li g‡a¨ myß †gav i‡q‡Q | Zviv Dchy³ cwi‡ek I my‡hvM myweav †c‡j Zv‡`i †gavi weKvk NUv‡Z cv‡i | wZwb Av‡iv D‡jL K‡i‡Qb gvby‡li Kíbv kwË, myRbkxj wPš—vfvebv, cÖwZfv BZ¨vw` ïaygvÎ DPP †kªYxi g‡a¨ mxgve× bq eis mvavib gvbyl mn mKj gvby‡li g‡a¨ we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i †`‡ki AwaKvsk wb‡qvMKZ©vMY wbæ ¯—‡ii Kg©Pvix‡`i †Zgb †Kvb g~j¨vqb K‡ib bv| Zv‡`i cÖwZfv weKv‡ki †Zgb †Kvb my‡hvM m„w÷ K‡ib bv, Zv‡`i cÖwZ †Kvb Av¯’v iv‡Lb bv |

Avgv‡`i mgv‡R A‡bK e¨w³ i‡q‡Qb hv‡`i cÖvwZôvwbK †Zgb †Kvb wk¶v †bB| mvgvwRK, ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, cvwiewiK ev e¨w³MZ Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i cÖvwZôvwbK wk¶v AR©b Kiv m¤¢e nq bv, wKš‘ Zv‡`i i‡q‡Q myß cÖwZfv, Zx¶è †gav m„RbkxjZv I Av‡iv wKQyy e¨wZµg ag©x ¸Yvejx | `„óvš— ¯^iƒc ejv †h‡Z cv‡i ˆeÁvwbK e¨e¯’vcbvi RbK Gd WweD †UBji wQ‡jb ¯^í wkw¶Z, A_P wZwb wQ‡jb Zx¶è †gav I eyw×gvb m¤úbœ | bvbv Kvi‡Y wZwb †jLv cov Pvwj‡q †h‡Z cv‡ibwb| wZwb gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi wdjv‡Wjwdqvi ÒwgW‡fj óxj †Kv¤úvbxiÒ mvaviY kªwgK wn‡m‡e Zvi Kg© Rxeb ïi“ K‡ib| cieZx© Kv‡j Zvi †gav I cÖwZfvi d‡j wZwb H †Kvg¤úvbxi cÖavb wbe©vnx wnmv‡e DbœxZ n‡qwQ‡jb | wZwb Kg© Rxe‡bi AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K Ges e¨vcK M‡elYv Pvwj‡q ˆeÁvwbK e¨e¯’vcbvi Dci Òw` wcÖwÝcjm & Ae mvBw›UwdK g¨v‡bR‡g›UÒ bvgK GKLvbv MÖš’ iPbv K‡i Av‡jvob m„wó K‡ib| ZviB M‡flYvjä Z_¨ Ges ZË¡ ¸‡jvB e¨e¯’vcbvi DPP wk¶vq AvR wk¶v †`qv n‡PQ | ZvQvov evsjv‡`‡k hviv mdj wkícwZ Zv‡`i w`‡K ch©‡e¶b Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h Zviv AwaKvskB ¯^í wkw¶Z ev cÖvwZôvwbK †Zgb †Kvb wk¶v †bB | Zv‡`i i‡q‡Q cÖPzi ‡gav I m„RbkxjZv | Zviv wK `¶ Kgx© ev Kg©KZ©v bb ? Zv‡`i Aax‡b A‡bK DPP wkw¶Z Kg©x KvR Ki‡Q| Kv‡Ri cÖK…wZ, Kv‡Ri `vwqZ¡, KZ©e¨ BZ¨vw` Abyhvqx †h †Kvb Kg©Pvix Kg©KZ©vi wKQy ¸Yvejx _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| †hgb Kv‡Ri cÖwZ AvMÖn, m„RbkxjZv ev D™¢vebx kw³, Dcw¯’Z eyw×, A¯—i`„©wó, `~i`kx©Zv, weP¶YZv BZ¨vw`| Aek¨ †ckvMZ Kv‡Ri Rb¨ mvwe©K ¸bvejx bv _vK‡jI P‡j Zv‡`i ïaygvÎ †ckvMZ wk¶vwUi Dci †Rvo †`qv DwPZ| †hgb GKRb UvBwcó Gi UvB‡ci `¶Zv Ges KvR Kivi cÖwZ AvMÖn _vK‡jB h‡_ó|

DPP b¤^i †c‡q hviv fvj djvdj AR©b K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i‡K Avwg Kg †gavex ev A‡hvM¨ ev A`¶ e‡j A¯^xKvi K‡iwQ bv| Zv‡`i g‡a¨I A‡bK †hvM¨ Kgx© _vK‡Z cv‡ib| KvR Pvjv‡bvi gZ †gvUv‡gvwU hv‡`i wk¶v i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i ïaygvÎ cix¶vi djvdj we‡ePbv bv K‡i, Kgx© msMÖ‡ni mgq mevB‡K my‡hvM †`qv DwPZ| DbœZ we‡k¦i mv‡_ Zvj wgwj‡q Avgv‡`i †`‡k GKwU Dchy³ wk¶v e¨e¯’v Pvjy Ki†Z n‡e hv‡Z Kg©xi †gav mwVK fv‡e g~j¨vqb Kiv m¤¢e nq Ges Kg©x msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ Dc‡hv³ Kg©x msMÖn bxwZ cÖYqY K‡i Kg©x msMÖn Kiv DwPZ e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi |

cÖKvwkZ : wk¶vwewPÎv, †g 2000